| Atomic settlement | All legs settle or none do. No partial execution risk. |
| Paired instructions | Each counterparty independently submits its side of a pre-agreed trade. KeyStone pairs the two submissions by trade reference and compares them on instrument, direction and quantity. It does not bring together buying and selling interests, and does not price, net, allocate, or take custody. |
| Chain ID | A unique integer identifying a blockchain network (e.g., 1 = Ethereum mainnet, 11155111 = Sepolia testnet, 84532 = Base Sepolia). |
| CipherOwl | On-chain wallet risk scoring provider used for compliance screening of blockchain addresses. |
| Commitment scheme | Privacy mechanism where deposit authorization uses a secret/hash pair instead of wallet addresses, preventing pre-execution information leakage on public chains. |
| Counterparty | Another party to the same settlement. In a two-party DvP, if you are the seller, your counterparty is the buyer. |
| Custody provider | A service that securely stores private keys and signs blockchain transactions on behalf of institutional clients (e.g., Fireblocks, BitGo). |
| DvP (Delivery vs. Payment) | A settlement mechanism where the delivery of an asset and the payment happen simultaneously. Both legs settle or neither does. |
| Environment | An isolated workspace within a platform (e.g., development, staging, production). Each environment has its own settlements, webhooks, and API credentials. |
| ERC-20 | The standard interface for fungible tokens on Ethereum and EVM-compatible chains. Used for stablecoins (USDC), security tokens, and other transferable assets. |
| ERC-3643 | A permissioned token standard (also called T-REX) that adds compliance controls to ERC-20. Used for regulated security tokens. |
| Escrow | A smart contract that holds assets during settlement. Parties deposit tokens into escrow, and the contract releases them atomically when all conditions are met. |
| Idempotency key | A unique identifier included in create/submit requests to ensure the same request can be safely retried without creating duplicates. |
| Instruction | One side of a paired settlement submission. Contains the party’s details, their legs, and the template to use. |
| keccak256 | A cryptographic hash function used in Ethereum. In KeyStone, it is used for the commitment-based deposit scheme, where the deposit key binds the depositor wallet to the secret: deposit_key = keccak256(abi.encode(wallet, deposit_secret)). |
| LayerZero | The cross-chain messaging protocol the KeystoneRouter uses to carry funding confirmations and release-or-abort decisions between chains. It carries decisions only, never value. |
| Leg | A single obligation within a settlement. For example, a DvP has two legs: an asset delivery leg and a payment leg. |
| LSEG World-Check | An entity screening service by the London Stock Exchange Group used for KYC/AML/sanctions compliance checks. |
| M2M (Machine-to-Machine) | Server-to-server authentication using client credentials (client_id + client_secret) with no human user involved. |
| Party | An entity participating in a settlement with a specific role (e.g., buyer, seller, lender, borrower). |
| RWA (Real-World Assets) | Traditional financial assets (bonds, equities, real estate, etc.) represented as tokens on a blockchain. |
| Session token | A short-lived, scoped JWT created by a platform’s backend for browser-safe API access. Used by frontend integration packages. |
| Settlement | The complete lifecycle of a trade, from instruction confirmation through compliance, deposits, atomic execution, and finalization. |
| Template | A reusable configuration that selects the settlement state machine and sets policy: timeouts, required roles, compliance providers, and per-state action handlers. The state machine is fixed in code; the template does not define it. |
| Trade reference | A unique identifier that links paired instructions together. The first instruction generates it, the counterparty uses it to submit their side of the same trade. |
| Wallet address | A blockchain account identifier (e.g., 0x1234...abcd on Ethereum). Used for depositing to escrow and receiving assets after settlement. |
